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China raises tax to slow rush of textile exports
Friday May 20, 7:42 AM EDT
By Alan Wheatley, Greater China Economics Editor
BEIJING (Reuters) - China said on Friday it would increase tariffs on a range of textile exports to draw the sting out of an increasingly venomous trade dispute with the United States and the European Union.
China's Ministry of Finance said the higher tariffs would apply to 74 textile lines starting on June 1, a move the American Chamber of Commerce in China said was constructive and France described as important.
But the European Union struck a cautious note, saying it would seek details of the move with China's textile negotiator Gao Hucheng next week, when he is due to meet European Trade Commissioner Peter Mandelson in Brussels.
The tax on most of the items would rise to 1 yuan (12 cents) per unit from 0.2 yuan, with the biggest tariff set at 4 yuan, the ministry said on its official Web site (www.mof.gov.cn).
Products listed included trousers, T-shirts and underwear.
"The decision was approved by the State Council," the ministry said in its statement.
The initial tax of 0.2 to 0.3 yuan per item on 148 categories took effect on Jan. 1 to coincide with the abolition of a decades-old system of global quotas on developing countries' textile exports.
The duty was too small to stem a long-predicted surge in Chinese textile exports and diplomats said that, even after the June 1 increase, the levy would remain small in relation to the big cost advantages that huge modern factories and cheap labor give Chinese textile makers.
China has blown hot and cold over international reaction to the boom in its exports since the quota system ended.
Officials have denounced steps by Washington and Brussels to hold back the tide as unfair while acknowledging that the spike in exports posed a political problem for China as well as for countries deluged by the cheap imports.
NO BACKTRACKING
The United States has responded to the sharp rise in Chinese imports by imposing emergency curbs on trousers, underwear, shirts and yarn. For its part, the European Commission is seeking emergency talks on T-shirts and flax yarn that could lead swiftly to curbs on imports into the 25-member EU.
European Commission spokeswoman Francoise Le Bail said the Commission wanted to reach a negotiated resolution with China.
"It is clear that we would like to have a solution with the Chinese which is agreed by both sides," she told a news conference. "On the other hand there are, on two categories at least, a situation which in our view create damages for the European industry."
The president of the American Chamber of Commerce in China, Charlie Martin, welcomed Friday's move.
"This voluntary step demonstrates that China is adopting a constructive approach and is sensitive to the very real hardships which the removal of quotas has brought for some American workers," he said.
"We are encouraged by this move that the U.S. and China may be able to resolve other trade differences with a similar sense of fairness and moderation."
French Industry Minister Patrick Devedjian said in Beijing it was a step in the right direction.
"The Chinese authorities have realized the problem we have and they've made a gesture that is very important," he told reporters, adding that the tax increase would amount to 1,500 percent in the case of trousers.
Although China is increasing taxes, Commerce Minister Bo Xilai has ruled out voluntary limits on textile exports -- a measure that industry exports say would be more effective than a small increase in tariffs.
"Doing that would deviate from the basic principle of the World Trade Organization's textiles and garments agreement. We should not backtrack," Bo told visiting U.S. businessmen on Wednesday. His comments were posted on the ministry's Web site late on Thursday.
Devedjian earlier described the impact on Europe of the surge in exports in the first quarter as devastating. But he said the spike was partly because buyers had held back in late 2004 knowing the quotas were about to expire. Figures for April were likely to show the initial surge was subsiding, he said.
The textiles row has inflamed the debate over whether China should loosen the yuan's decade-old peg against the dollar, which the United States and many independent economists say gives China an unfair competitive advantage on world markets.
Washington warned Beijing on Tuesday that it could face trade sanctions unless it took steps to free up the currency within the next six months.
The China Daily, a state-run English-language newspaper, called the U.S. ultimatum outrageous and a serious infringement of China's sovereignty. The United States should put its domestic house in order instead of relying on "lazy protectionist measures" to restore its trade balance, it said. (Additional reporting by Lucy Hornby and Lu Jianxin in Shanghai)
©2005 Reuters Limited.
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