Paulson Says China Must Yield `Tangible Results' on Yuan, Trade
By Kevin Carmichael and Matthew Benjamin
April 21 (Bloomberg) -- U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson said China must accelerate its commitments on trade and a market-set exchange rate to head off protectionist legislation in Congress.
Paulson, who hosts the second session of a new bilateral economic dialogue next month, said yesterday that the talks need to yield ``tangible results.'' He said in a speech in New York that Chinese policy makers ``are not moving, in my judgment, quickly enough'' on the yuan.
The Treasury chief is under pressure to produce benefits from the Strategic Economic Dialogue he established last year as lawmakers consider about half a dozen bills to protect American companies. Tensions with China also threaten to rise after the Commerce Department imposed duties on Chinese paper last month.
``The American people are concerned, Congress is concerned and there's a lot of protectionist sentiment'' toward China, Paulson said in an interview on the ``Charlie Rose'' show on PBS television following his speech in New York. ``The more tangible reforms we see, the easier it is for me to deal with Congress.''
Paulson, 61, told the Committee of 100, a group that consists of prominent Chinese-Americans, including cellist Yo-Yo Ma and architect I.M. Pei, it was ``natural'' for problems to develop as trade increases. ``There's going to be tension and we have to manage through it.''
China passed Mexico last year to become the second-largest U.S. trade partner, after Canada. The U.S. trade deficit with China widened 15 percent to a record $232.5 billion in 2006.
`Unnatural Act'
Paulson, who has traveled to China three times since taking office in July, said the focus on Chinese policies centers on the exchange rate because that's the most ``visible'' gauge of the speed of change. As China integrates with the global economy, it's ``an unnatural act'' to keep managing its currency, he said.
China prevents the yuan from gaining more than 0.3 percent a day against a basket of currencies that includes the dollar, euro and yen. The yuan has risen only 7.2 percent since the government ended a link to the dollar and introduced the current system in July 2005. It closed at 7.72 per dollar yesterday in Shanghai.
Asked about how his campaign for faster gains in the yuan relates to his stance on the dollar, Paulson reiterated he seeks a ``strong'' U.S. currency. ``I believe very strongly that a strong dollar is in our nation's interest, and I'm a big believer in currencies being set in a competitive, open marketplace,'' he said on the Charlie Rose show.
He separately reiterated support for World Bank President Paul Wolfowitz, whose personal oversight of a raise and job transfer for an employee who was his companion is under investigation. He said he has a ``great admiration'' for Wolfowitz's work and backs the Executive Board's process.
May Meetings
Paulson hosts a delegation of Chinese economic officials led by Vice Premier Wu Yi in Washington May 22-24. The group first met in Beijing in December, when Paulson led a U.S. team that included Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke and Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez. The December meeting didn't produce new pledges by China, suggesting next month's session will be critical to address congressional demands for action.
Legislators have introduced about half a dozen separate bills aimed at China, including a Senate measure spearheaded by Kentucky Republican Jim Bunning that would make currency ``misalignment'' a punishable subsidy.
``There will be some, I believe, unattractive bills that are voted on in Congress,'' Paulson acknowledged. ``I think the Chinese are very well aware of this -- I think they should be aware of it.''
Imposing Duties
Outside of the Treasury, other parts of President George W. Bush's administration have taken a harder line with China. The Commerce Department last month put duties on imports of Chinese glossy paper, saying the government unfairly subsidizes its producers. Two weeks later, the U.S. Trade Representative's office filed two complaints at the World Trade Organization, alleging piracy of copyrighted movies, music, software and books.
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Refusing to rule out retaliation, China's Commerce Ministry warned the duties on paper would ``seriously damage'' bilateral cooperation and business ties.
Paulson defended his Strategic Economic Dialogue during congressional testimony in January, telling lawmakers the dialogue was the ``best chance of making progress'' with China. Yesterday, he said a big part of his and Wu's job is keeping Chinese and U.S. relations on an ``even keel.''
Capital Markets
In both his speech and the interview, the former head of Goldman Sachs Group Inc. reprised themes from an address in Shanghai last month, when he urged China to develop its domestic capital markets. Better access for companies and consumers to local financing will help shift the nation's development away from relying on exports, he said in the March 8 speech.
Paulson also again played down concern about Chinese purchases of Treasury securities. The nation's holdings climbed to $416.2 billion in February, partly a consequence of the swelling foreign-exchange reserves. The Treasury secretary noted that the amount is still less than the value of an average day's trading in Treasuries.
To contact the reporters on this story: Kevin Carmichael in Washington at
kcarmichael@bloomberg.net
Last Updated: April 21, 2007 00:02 EDT