I am of the understanding that if one has an unpaid balance remaining on a TSP Loan at he time of retirement, that unpaid balance is applied to your income for the year in which you retire. Is this correct?
Yes, if you still have an outstanding loan at the time you separate from federal service, the amount is considered to be unpaid, and therefore income, and is due to be taxed fully as income at the time of separation. If you are younger than age 59 1/2, you also may be subject to a 10% penalty for early withdrawl. (Special rule apply)
If the above is correct in that the unpaid balance is applied to ones regular income, can one at the time of retirement request an additional lump sum of say $20-30K?
Thanks
No, you can't ask for an additional lump sum, UNLESS you are asking in conjuction with a fully qualified 59 1/2 or later retirement (i.e. you are of proper age etc.) Then, you could ask for either a partial, or ALL of your money out, but remember, you end up paying taxes on that too. Or you can leave the money in the TSP, or you can ask for monthly payments.
If you can't pay your taxes due to the sudden lump sum payment, you are in real trouble. This is why it is not recommended to take out a loan, or maintain a loan, if you think you may be leaving the service. Remember,you can do two types of loans- a housing loan, and a conventional loan. If you have taken out a loan, then it MUST paid off before you separate, or else it's taxed big time. If you are above the age limit, you CAN take a partial payment. Best to check it all out before you retire.
Good luck.
You can also set up a withdrawl (if you need it) and specficy the monthly amount once per year. You can change or adjust that amount in a later year, if you find you are not getting enough, or getting more than you need.
Here is the linkfor the page regarding distributions:
https://www.tsp.gov/planparticipation/withdrawals/withdrawingAccount.shtml
and here is the link regarding TSP Loan payoff information, and what is taxable:
https://www.tsp.gov/planparticipation/loans/taxableDistributions.shtml